EASTERN EQUINE ENCEPHALITIS - USA (18): (NEW JERSEY) EQUINE

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A ProMED-mail post



ProMED-mail is a program of the

International Society for Infectious Diseases





Date: Thu 27 Oct 2011

Source: Harnesslink.com [edited]







A 3-year-old horse from Gloucester County was euthanized on 20 Oct

2011 after contracting eastern equine encephalitis (EEE), a serious,

mosquito-borne illness in horses.



"With an increase in the state's mosquito population due to rain

storms in the last couple of months, horse owners must be vigilant in

protecting their animals from diseases spread by mosquitoes," said New

Jersey secretary of agriculture Douglas H Fisher. "Horse owners should

contact their veterinarians to have their animals vaccinated against

these illnesses."



This deadly disease is easily prevented by vaccination. Effective

equine vaccines for EEE and another mosquito-borne disease, West Nile

virus (WNV), are available commercially. Horse owners should contact

their veterinarians if their horses are not already up-to-date on

their vaccinations against both EEE and West Nile virus.



The Gloucester County stallion's vaccination status against EEE is

unknown with no report of vaccination in 2011.



EEE causes inflammation of the brain tissue and has a significantly

higher risk of death in horses than West Nile virus infection. West

Nile virus is a viral disease that affects horses' neurological

systems. The disease is transmitted by mosquito bite. The virus cycles

between birds and mosquitoes with horses and humans being incidental

hosts. EEE infections in horses are not a significant risk factor for

human infection because horses (like humans) are considered to be

"dead-end" hosts for the virus.



Earlier this month [October 2011], the 1st case of West Nile virus in

a horse was reported in Monmouth County. The 11-year-old mare was

treated for the disease.



The New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection reports that the

exceedingly high levels of precipitation experienced statewide due to

Hurricane Irene and subsequent rainstorms resulted in much higher than

normal mosquito populations. They said the immense amount of

floodwater throughout the state created habitat for those species of

mosquitoes which utilize semi-permanent, standing water for larval

development.



In 2010, New Jersey had 1 case of EEE and 2 cases of equine WNV. All 3

animals were euthanized. [It is also likely all 3 animals were

deficient in their vaccination status. - Mod.TG]



For more information about EEE and West Nile virus in horses, visit

the New Jersey Department of Agriculture website at

.



EEE and West Nile virus, like other viral diseases affecting horses'

neurological systems, must be reported to the state veterinarian at

609-292-3965 within 48 hours of diagnosis.



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Communicated by:

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[The east coast has had a lot of water which is perfect for the

breeding of mosquitoes. Mosquitoes are the carrier of this viral

disease. Vaccinations are cheap and easy compared to the agony of

enduring the loss of your pet. Especially with such things as

Hurricane Irene this year (2011) it is difficult to imagine why owners

have not already vaccinated.



Clearly it is still warm and the mosquito threat is still prevalent.

Owners are encouraged to vaccinate their horses. - Mod.TG]



[New Jersey can be located on the HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive

map at . Gloucester and Monmouth counties

can be seen on the map at

. -

Sr.Tech.Ed.MJ]



[see also:

Eastern equine encephalitis - USA (17): (WI) equine 20111009.3030

Eastern equine encephalitis - USA (16): (MA) human 20111008.3025

Eastern equine encephalitis - USA (15): (VT) emu 20110927.2923

Eastern equine encephalitis - USA (14): (WI) equine 20110925.2914

Eastern equine encephalitis - USA (13): (WI) equine 20110918.2838

Eastern equine encephalitis - USA (12): (MI) equine 20110915.2813

Eastern equine encephalitis - USA (11): (NY) equine 20110904.2703

Eastern equine encephalitis - USA (10): (MA) human 20110904.2701

Eastern equine encephalitis - USA (09): (NY) equine 20110830.2664

Eastern equine encephalitis - USA (08): (WI) equine 20110825.2586

Eastern equine encephalitis - USA (07): canine, human, equine

20110824.2583

Eastern equine encephalitis - USA (06): (NY) human, fatal

20110818.2504

Eastern equine encephalitis - USA (05): (NY) human, fatal

20110817.2489

Eastern equine encephalitis - USA (04): (NY) human 20110814.2462

Eastern equine encephalitis - USA (03): (WI) equine, alpaca

20110811.2434

Eastern equine encephalitis - USA (02): (WA) corr. 20110807.2395

Eastern equine encephalitis - USA (02): (NY) 20110807.2387

Eastern equine encephalitis - USA: (FL) 20110729.2272]

.................................................sb/tg/mj/dk

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Hendra Virus Outbreak / Australia

http://meatsubs.blogspot.com/2011/07/hendra-virus-equine-australia-13.html

EVA Outbreak / France

EQUINE VIRAL ARTERITIS - FRANCE: (BOUCHES-DU-RHONE, HERAULT) REQUEST


FOR INFORMATION

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A ProMED-mail post



ProMED-mail is a program of the

International Society for Infectious Diseases





Date: Tue 12 Jul 2011

Source: The Horse [edited]







French EVA outbreak stabilizing

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A stallion, several mares, and a foal have tested positive for equine

viral arteritis (EVA) at 2 French Lusitano farms in a new outbreak of

a disease not seen in France since 2007 [but see commentary below],

according to a European equine pathology surveillance network. The

mares suffered fertility issues, including abortion, and the foal

died.



"To our knowledge, several problems of reproduction were reported in

the breeding center where the foal died: embryonic reabsorption, low

fertility, and infertility," said Christel Marcillaud Pitel, director

of the Reseau d'Epidemio-Surveillance en Pathologie Equine [equine

pathology surveillance network] in Caen, France. "There was only one

case of an abortion causing an expulsed fetus, and the fetus was born

alive but very weak and it died within 48 hours."



The outbreak occurred in 2 neighboring farms in southeast France near

Marseille [Bouches-du-Rhone department] and Montpellier [Herault

department]. The outbreak appears to be limited to a Lusitano breeding

program in the area, Marcillaud Pitel said. The affected stallion's

semen was not shipped for artificial insemination because he only

provides live cover, she added.



Analyses revealed that both farms were affected by the same strain of

the virus, but the origin of the outbreak is unknown. The 2 farms have

been quarantined since the 1st case was detected in late June [2011].

Any horses that left the sites prior to the quarantine have been

tested for EVA. Results are pending, but the situation appears to be

stabilizing, Marcillaud Pitel said.



The last EVA outbreak in France [see commentary below] began in July

2007 and affected 26 farms in Normandy, including the French national

stud at Haras du Pin.



"For the moment (the current outbreak) is of a weaker amplitude

because it's localized in just these 2 sites," Marcillaud Pitel said.

"The virus also seems less virulent (than the one in 2007): the

symptoms are less remarkable, and it is less widespread among the

individuals."



The disease, which is caused by the equine arteritis virus, can cause

fever, edema, and abortion and is mainly transmitted through semen.

Affected horses can carry the virus for life after the acute stages of

the illness have passed. During the acute stage the virus can also be

transmitted via respiratory secretions.



[Byline: Christa Leste-Lasserre]



--

Communicated by:

ProMED-mail





[EVA has been annually reported to the OIE by France as present since

at least 1996. During 2010, 11 outbreaks were recorded from the

departments of Lot (2 outbreaks), Manche (1), Orne (1), Ardennes (1),

Bouches-du-Rhone (1), Calvados (1), and Correze (3). It will be

helpful to note if these records were related to clinical or

asymptomatic cases. The information by The Horse above, according to

which EVA is a "disease not seen in France since 2007", deserves

clarification. It will also be interesting to note if the introduction

of the agent may be attributed to national/international movements of

horses.



For detailed background on EVA, please refer to Mod.TG's commentary

in ProMED-mail posting 20100509.1513 and to OIE's Terrestrial Manual

at

.



Background on the Lusitano (Portuguese) horse breed can be accessed

at .



EVA is not zoonotic. - Mod.AS]



[Maps of France can be seen at

and

. - Sr.Tech.Ed.MJ]



[see also:

2010

----

Equine viral arteritis - UK (02): (England), OIE 20101220.4481

Equine viral arteritis - UK, OIE 20100805.2650

Equine viral arteritis - Argentina ex Holland 20100509.1513

2008

----

Equine viral arteritis - Israel (02): OIE 20081111.3547

2007

----

Equine viral arteritis - France 20070714.2260]

.................................................sb/arn/mj/mpp

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ProMED-mail makes every effort to verify the reports that

are posted, but the accuracy and completeness of the

information, and of any statements or opinions based

thereon, are not guaranteed. The reader assumes all risks in

using information posted or archived by ProMED-mail. ISID

and its associated service providers shall not be held

responsible for errors or omissions or held liable for any

damages incurred as a result of use or reliance upon posted

or archived material.

************************************************************

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Visit ProMED-mail's web site at .

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Hihgly Contageous Equine Virus puts Washington State on Alert

http://madcowhorses.blogspot.com/2011/05/highly-contageous-horse-virus-puts.html

Donkey & Pony Pals Need New Homes / NY

Capital District, NY (Johnsonville:) An animal lover in eastern New York needs to re-home several rescued animals due to failing health. Paco is a 4-year-old standard size spotted donkey who is very gentle and loving. His pal Li’l Lightning is a 12-year-old pinto mini-horse. Both are intact stallions. They need to be adopted together in a home with no other equines. Six rabbits are also in need of good homes. They include four black and white rexes and two black lop-eared rabbits. For photos or more information, please contact Christine. See Paco & Pony here; http://www.youtube.com/user/MuleKist#p/u/8/3PEH-nd9EEg Contact: Christine Phone: 518-753-7791 E-mail: mulekist@gmail.com

Animal Angels Make Progress at "Sugarcreek Auction House of Cruelty"

Pow-wow with owner Leroy Baker, others; http://rtfitch.wordpress.com/2011/04/08/owner-of-cruel-horse-auction-sits-down-with-equine-advocates/

Young Draft Mule in Nevada Needs New Home

In Dayton, Nevada (outside of Carson City) Our neighbor Carla Butler is having to find a good home for her beloved mule 'Spinner.' He's out of a belgian mare, he's 4 years old and NEEDS to be gelded. (haha) MUST have an experienced handler!! He has NO training, but overall very pretty and has LOTS of potential. He has to have to a home by sunday night- April 10th, 2011-, he will be going to the sale next week! (were trying to save him) No price, just a good home. We need help finding him one! Thankyou, Sandy and Jacque. P.s- Heres Carla's contact information: 1775-721-7993 (cell) Thanks again!